TENSES

Sunday, July 05, 2015 Unknown 0 Comments



Tenses adalah perubahan kata kerja yang dipengaruhi oleh waktu dan sifat kejadian. Didalam bahasa indonesia tidak ada istilah tenses atau sejenisnya sehingga walapun waktunya berbeda namun kata kerjanya tidak mengalami perubahan. Pembagian Tenses:


Waktu
Sifat Kejadian
1. Present
2. Past
3. Future
4. Past Future
1. Simple
2. Cintinuous
3. Perfect 
4. Perfect Continuous

Sehingga terbentuklah 16 tenses yaitu:
  1. Simple present 
  2. Present continuous
  3.  Present perfect 
  4. Present perfect continuous 
  5. Simple past 
  6. Past continuous 
  7. Past perfect 
  8. Past perfect continuous 
  9. Simple future 
  10. Future continuous
  11.  Future perfect 
  12. Future perfect continuous 
  13. Simple past future 
  14. Past future continuous 
  15. Past future perfect 
  16. Past future perfect C           


Tabel 16 tenses Verbal:

Sifat
Waktu
Simple
Continuous
Perfect
Perfect
Continuous
Present
Simple present
Present continuous
Present perfect
Present perfect continuous
Do/does
Is/am/are
Have/has
Have/has + been
V1 (s/es)
V+ing
V3
V+ing
Past
Simple past
Past continuous
Past perfect
Past perfect continuous
Did
Was/were
Had
Had+been
V2
V+ing
V3
V+ing
Future
Simple future
Future continuous
Future perfect
Future perfect continuous
Will/shall
W/S+be
W/S+have
W/S+have+been
V1
V+ing
V3
V+ing
Past future
Simple past future
Past future continuous
Past future perfect
Past future perfect continuous
Would/should
W/S +be
W/S+have
W/S+have+been
V1
V+ing
V3
V+ing


Tabel 16 tenses Nominal:

Sifat
Waktu
Simple
Continuous
Perfect
Perfect Continuous
Present
Is/am/are+ complement
Is/am/are+ being+ C
Have/has+ been+C
Have/has+been+ being+C
Past
Was/were+C
Was/were+ being+C
Had+ been+C
Had+been+ being+C
Future
Will/shall+be+C
W/S+be+ being+C
W/S+have+ been+C
W/S+have+ been+being+C
Past future
Would/should+be+C
W/S+be+ being+C
W/S+have+ been+C
W/S+have+ been+being+C



Sources:

1.     Slamet, Hadi, GRAMMAR 1,BEC, Pare, Kediri, East Java, 2003.
2.     Azar, Betty S, Uderstanding, and Using English Grammar, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1989.
3.     Mas’ud, Fu’ad, Essential of English Grammar a Practical Guide, 3rd Edition, BPFE, Yogyakarta, 2002.
4.     Murphy, Raymond, English Grammar in Use, 2nd Edition, Cambridge,M Musselburgh, 1994.


0 comments: