TENSES
Tenses adalah
perubahan kata kerja yang dipengaruhi oleh waktu dan sifat kejadian. Didalam
bahasa indonesia tidak ada istilah tenses atau sejenisnya sehingga walapun
waktunya berbeda namun kata kerjanya tidak mengalami perubahan. Pembagian Tenses:
Waktu
|
Sifat Kejadian
|
1. Present
2. Past
3. Future
4. Past Future
|
1. Simple
2. Cintinuous
3. Perfect
4. Perfect Continuous
|
Sehingga
terbentuklah 16 tenses yaitu:
- Simple present
- Present continuous
- Present perfect
- Present perfect continuous
- Simple past
- Past continuous
- Past perfect
- Past perfect continuous
- Simple future
- Future continuous
- Future perfect
- Future perfect continuous
- Simple past future
- Past future continuous
- Past future perfect
- Past future perfect C
Tabel 16 tenses
Verbal:
Sifat
Waktu
|
Simple
|
Continuous
|
Perfect
|
Perfect
Continuous
|
Present
|
Simple present
|
Present continuous
|
Present perfect
|
Present perfect continuous
|
Do/does
|
Is/am/are
|
Have/has
|
Have/has + been
|
|
V1 (s/es)
|
V+ing
|
V3
|
V+ing
|
|
Past
|
Simple past
|
Past continuous
|
Past perfect
|
Past perfect continuous
|
Did
|
Was/were
|
Had
|
Had+been
|
|
V2
|
V+ing
|
V3
|
V+ing
|
|
Future
|
Simple future
|
Future continuous
|
Future perfect
|
Future perfect continuous
|
Will/shall
|
W/S+be
|
W/S+have
|
W/S+have+been
|
|
V1
|
V+ing
|
V3
|
V+ing
|
|
Past future
|
Simple past future
|
Past future continuous
|
Past future perfect
|
Past future perfect continuous
|
Would/should
|
W/S +be
|
W/S+have
|
W/S+have+been
|
|
V1
|
V+ing
|
V3
|
V+ing
|
Tabel 16 tenses
Nominal:
Sifat
Waktu
|
Simple
|
Continuous
|
Perfect
|
Perfect Continuous
|
Present
|
Is/am/are+ complement
|
Is/am/are+ being+ C
|
Have/has+ been+C
|
Have/has+been+ being+C
|
Past
|
Was/were+C
|
Was/were+ being+C
|
Had+ been+C
|
Had+been+ being+C
|
Future
|
Will/shall+be+C
|
W/S+be+ being+C
|
W/S+have+ been+C
|
W/S+have+ been+being+C
|
Past future
|
Would/should+be+C
|
W/S+be+ being+C
|
W/S+have+ been+C
|
W/S+have+ been+being+C
|
Sources:
1. Slamet, Hadi, GRAMMAR
1,BEC, Pare, Kediri, East Java, 2003.
2. Azar, Betty S, Uderstanding,
and Using English Grammar, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1989.
3. Mas’ud, Fu’ad, Essential
of English Grammar a Practical Guide, 3rd Edition, BPFE, Yogyakarta, 2002.
4. Murphy,
Raymond, English Grammar in Use, 2nd Edition, Cambridge,M Musselburgh,
1994.

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